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Published on: July 3, 2020
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Grief Trajectories in Men and Women: A Linear Mixed Model Approach.
Andrea Redondo-Armenteros1,2, Emmanuelle Zech3, Manuel Fernández-Alcántara4
1Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Summary
Men and women experience grief intensity differently, but their grief trajectories are similar over time. This suggests societal conditioning may influence how grief is expressed and measured, potentially underestimating male grief.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Grief Studies
Background:
- Inconsistent findings exist regarding gender differences in grief expression.
- Previous research has not fully accounted for confounding variables or distinct grief trajectories between genders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate gender differences in grief intensity and trajectories.
- To examine the influence of sociodemographic, loss-related, and psychopathological variables on grief.
- To test hypotheses regarding third variables and distinct grief trajectories by gender.
Main Methods:
- Observational longitudinal design with 1328 bereaved adults from Canada, Belgium, and Spain.
- Data collected at 2-5 post-loss intervals, including sociodemographic, loss-related, grief, and psychopathological variables.
- Linear mixed models used to identify predictors of grief and compare gender trajectories.
Main Results:
- Significant gender differences in grief intensity were found, even after controlling for other variables.
- No significant interaction between gender and time indicated similar grief trajectories for men and women.
- Findings suggest gendered emotional socialization may influence grief expression and assessment.
Conclusions:
- Men and women exhibit different grief intensities but follow similar temporal patterns of grief.
- Standard grief assessment tools may underestimate grief expression in men due to societal conditioning.
- Further research should address methodological limitations, including male underrepresentation and narrow conceptualizations of grief.
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