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Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A Versatile Murine Model of Subcortical White Matter Stroke for the Study of Axonal Degeneration and White Matter Neurobiology

A Versatile Murine Model of Subcortical White Matter Stroke for the Study of Axonal Degeneration and White Matter Neurobiology

Published on: March 17, 2016

Developmental changes of the white matter functional connectome.

Guozheng Feng^1,2,3,4, Kexin Wang^1,2,3, Yichen Wang^1,2,3

¹State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

Molecular Psychiatry

|February 4, 2026

Summary

Researchers mapped the brain's white matter functional connectome (WMFC) in youth, revealing a three-stage developmental pattern. This WMFC is crucial for understanding brain maturation and neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Neuroscience
Brain Imaging

Background:

Emerging evidence links blood-oxygenation-level-dependent signals in white matter (WM) to neural activity.
Investigating WM functional evolution in youth offers insights into brain development and disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To construct and analyze the white matter functional connectome (WMFC) and structural connectome (WMSC) in adolescents and young adults.
To explore the developmental trajectory of WMFC and its relationship with WMSC.
To investigate the molecular underpinnings and clinical relevance of WMFC.

Main Methods:

Utilized multimodal imaging data from 407 participants aged 8 to 22 years.
Constructed WM functional connectome (WMFC) and WM structural connectome (WMSC).
Analyzed WM structural connectivity-functional connectivity (SC-FC) coupling and its developmental changes.

Main Results:

Identified a global three-stage reorganization pattern in WMFC (decreasing-increasing-decreasing).
Observed hierarchical development between primary and higher-order networks in WMFC.
Found a monotonic decrease in WM SC-FC coupling with age.
Demonstrated significant regulation of WMFC by neurotransmitter receptors and transcriptomic expression.
Showed WMFC explains regional vulnerability in neurodevelopmental disorders and predicts cognitive function better than WMSC.

Conclusions:

WMFC exhibits a distinct developmental trajectory crucial for understanding brain maturation.
WMFC plays a significant role in neurodevelopmental disorders and cognitive function.
This study highlights the importance of WM function in neuroscience research.