Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

523
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
523
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

798
Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
798
Regulation of Heart Rates01:31

Regulation of Heart Rates

3.9K
The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
The SNS increases heart rate through the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, which act on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. This action increases the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's...
3.9K
Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

6.7K
The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
6.7K
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

33.3K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
33.3K
Review and Preview01:10

Review and Preview

8.4K
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From the FAZ to the TAC: Widespread cytoskeletal engagement of T. brucei KMP11.

Journal of cell science·2026
Same author

Accelerometer-derived movement phenotypes and adolescent mental health in pediatric obesity: A causal machine-learning study.

International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHP·2026
Same author

Comparative dynamics of Japanese encephalitis virus adaptation in porcine macrophages and insect cells.

Virology journal·2026
Same author

Effect of School-Based Physical Activity and Multi Micronutrient Supplementation on Micronutrient Concentrations Among Tanzanian Schoolchildren: Secondary Outcomes from the KaziAfya Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Why Do Humans Exercise? A Neuro-Evolutionary Framework for Discretionary Physical Effort.

Evolutionary anthropology·2026
Same author

Household socioeconomic status, dietary diversity, and risk of stunting among South African primary school children.

Journal of health, population, and nutrition·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
04:33

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

Published on: April 26, 2024

1.5K

Association Between Physical Activity, Heart Rate Variability and Major Depressive Disorders: An Umbrella Review.

Jan-Niklas Kreppke1, Gavin Brupbacher2,3, Kerstin Rupf4

  • 1Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland. jan-niklas.kreppke@unibas.ch.

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|February 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Physical activity (PA) effectively reduces major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms and improves heart rate variability (HRV). This review highlights PA

More Related Videos

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
08:12

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions

Published on: June 5, 2019

20.5K
MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
08:20

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: August 11, 2015

14.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
04:33

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

Published on: April 26, 2024

1.5K
Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
08:12

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions

Published on: June 5, 2019

20.5K
MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
08:20

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: August 11, 2015

14.7K

Area of Science:

  • Integrative medicine
  • Psychoneuroimmunology
  • Cardiovascular health

Background:

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) is linked to poor physical health, increased cardiovascular risk, and autonomic dysfunction, evidenced by low heart rate variability (HRV).
  • A significant majority of individuals with MDD do not adhere to physical activity (PA) recommendations, despite its known health benefits.
  • Low HRV in MDD patients indicates impaired autonomic regulation, contrasting with PA's known benefits for autonomic function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intricate relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD), physical activity (PA), and heart rate variability (HRV).
  • To determine the impact of PA on depressive symptoms.
  • To explore the association between HRV and MDD, and how PA influences HRV.

Main Methods:

  • An umbrella review methodology was employed, synthesizing findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
  • Searches were conducted across major databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Epistemonikos) up to July 2024.
  • Included reviews focused on PA interventions for depression, HRV differences in MDD, and PA's effects on HRV in healthy individuals, with quality assessed using AMSTAR 2.

Main Results:

  • Ninety reviews were synthesized, confirming PA's efficacy in reducing MDD symptoms, comparable to pharmacological treatments.
  • Individuals with MDD exhibit significantly lower time-based and frequency-based HRV compared to healthy controls.
  • PA interventions were found to enhance various HRV parameters (time-based, frequency-based, nonlinear) in healthy populations.

Conclusions:

  • Physical activity is crucial for mitigating depressive symptoms and enhancing autonomic function.
  • Evidence suggests PA can also improve HRV in individuals diagnosed with MDD.
  • Future research should focus on randomized controlled trials to identify optimal PA types and protocols for improving HRV in MDD patients.