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Mechanical Mapping of Spheroids Using Brillouin Spectroscopy
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High-performance Brillouin spectroscopy using VIPA-etalon cascades.

Sophie Chagnon-Lessard1, Julian Nicolai1, Joshua Steller1

  • 1Carleton University, Department of Electronics, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Biomedical Optics
|February 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a VIPA-etalon cascade to enhance Brillouin spectroscopy contrast for biological imaging. The new method improves biomechanical mapping, offering a cost-effective solution for biomedical research and diagnostics.

Keywords:
Brillouin spectroscopybiomedical applicationscascaded Fabry-Perot etalonconfocal collectioncontrast enhancementline-scanningvirtually imaged phased array

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Spectroscopy
  • Biomedical Optics

Background:

  • Brillouin spectroscopy noninvasively measures biological material properties.
  • Conventional virtually imaged phased array (VIPA) spectrometers have limited contrast, hindering applications.
  • Existing contrast enhancement methods are incompatible with advantageous line-scanning collection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop and characterize a high-throughput contrast enhancement technique for VIPA spectrometers.
  • Ensure compatibility with both confocal and line-scanning geometries across various wavelengths.
  • Improve Brillouin spectroscopy for fast biomechanical mapping of biological samples.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated one or more etalons downstream of a VIPA to suppress Lorentzian tails.
  • Developed a theoretical model and ray-tracing simulations.
  • Validated experimentally in confocal and line-scanning setups (785 nm and 532 nm).

Main Results:

  • Achieved contrast enhancements of 27 dB (confocal) and ~19 dB (line-scanning) with <50% transmission loss.
  • Simulations indicated potential for higher contrast with serial etalons.
  • Obtained high-quality Brillouin spectra from diverse samples, including a porcine lens.

Conclusions:

  • The VIPA-etalon cascade significantly enhances Brillouin spectroscopy performance.
  • This technique is straightforward, cost-effective, and versatile for biological sample analysis.
  • Enables precise, high-resolution biomechanical investigations for research and diagnostics.