Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

3.2K
The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
3.2K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

7.4K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
7.4K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

1.1K
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
1.1K
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

425
Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence of...
425
Parameters Affecting Nonlinear Elimination: Zero-Order Input, First-Order Absorption and Two-Compartment Model01:13

Parameters Affecting Nonlinear Elimination: Zero-Order Input, First-Order Absorption and Two-Compartment Model

319
Drugs administered through various routes can lead to nonlinear elimination, resulting in complex pharmacokinetic behaviors crucial to understanding efficacious drug dosing.
When a drug is administered through a constant intravenous infusion and eliminated via nonlinear pharmacokinetics, it follows zero-order input. For example, oral drugs undergo first-order absorption upon administration and are eliminated through nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
In the case of subcutaneously administered drugs,...
319
Sustainable Development01:43

Sustainable Development

15.2K
As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.
15.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Ontogeny of Vocal Rhythms in a Non-Human Primate.

Developmental science·2026
Same author

The Emergence of a Universal Rhythmic Feature: Simple Models Can Produce Categorical Rhythms.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2026
Same author

Rooks (Corvus frugilegus) can show spontaneous vocal flexibility when exposed to dynamically changing rhythmic sounds.

Animal cognition·2026
Same author

Hidden assumptions of integer ratio analyses in bioacoustics and music.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2025
Same author

Humans can find rhythm in randomly timed sounds.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same author

Accelerando and crescendo in African penguin ecstatic display songs.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2025
Same journal

The microlandscapes of tree trunks: the effect of lichen and tree-level characteristics on arthropod communities.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Centimetre-scale landscapes to assess the motion behaviour and cognition of gastropods and bivalves.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Intertidal microcosms of wave-swept rocky shores: ecological and physiological insights from a uniquely stressful environment.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Temporal and spatial variation in temperature and oxygen at the microscale: key niche axes for aquatic life.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Natural microcosms in ecology: fulfilling the promise of model systems?

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Microbe-induced galls and plant defence: metabolite crosstalk in a co-evolutionary battle.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds
10:13

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds

Published on: November 26, 2012

14.8K

Neonatal auditory input affects vocal development in harbour seals.

Teresa Raimondi1, Caroline E Haas2, Koen de Reus3,4,5

  • 1Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00185, Italy.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|February 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Harbour seal pups exposed to less acoustic input developed more distinct calls. Neonatal auditory environment significantly shapes vocal development and individuality in mammals.

Keywords:
acoustic behaviourdevelopmentpinnipedsplaybackvocal plasticity

More Related Videos

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve
10:53

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

Published on: October 8, 2014

15.1K
fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals
11:15

fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals

Published on: May 23, 2017

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds
10:13

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds

Published on: November 26, 2012

14.8K
Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve
10:53

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

Published on: October 8, 2014

15.1K
fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals
11:15

fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals

Published on: May 23, 2017

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Animal Behavior
  • Bioacoustics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Vocal individuality is crucial for mammalian development, ensuring feeding and recognition.
  • The role of auditory environment versus maturation in vocal individuality is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how neonatal auditory environment influences vocal development and individualization in harbour seal pups (Phoca vitulina).
  • To determine if acoustic density impacts vocal distinctiveness and plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • 18 harbour seal pups were exposed to simulated low (2 conspecifics) or high (30 conspecifics) acoustic densities via call playback.
  • Vocalizations were recorded before and after exposure, with 12 acoustic parameters extracted.
  • Supervised machine learning and discriminant function analyses assessed call distinctiveness and individualization.

Main Results:

  • Both groups showed increased individual distinctiveness after playback, indicating vocal development.
  • Pups exposed to less variable acoustic input exhibited higher vocal individuality.
  • Auditory input modulated vocal development, with less variable input leading to steadier individual calls.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal auditory environment significantly shapes vocal development and plasticity in harbour seal pups.
  • Harbour seals serve as a valuable model for understanding how the environment affects vocal learning in mammals.
  • Vocal individuality is influenced by both maturation and the degree of conspecific acoustic input.