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Early Introduction and Other Characteristics in Children With Suspected Severe Peanut or Tree Nut Allergy: Finnish
Emilja Särkkä1, Lasse Saarimäki1,2, Jennifer L P Protudjer3,4,5,6
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Insights
Early introduction of nuts was absent in children with severe nut allergies. Parental food allergy was more common in those without anaphylaxis, not predicting severe reactions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Clinical Immunology
- Food Allergy Research
Background:
- Peanut and tree nut allergies are significant causes of food-induced anaphylaxis in children.
- Understanding the role of early introduction and parental allergy history is crucial for managing severe reactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the characteristics of early introduction and allergic profiles in children with suspected severe peanut and/or tree nut allergy.
- To determine if parental food allergy history predicts severe allergic reactions in children.
Main Methods:
- Recruited children aged 3-16 years with suspected severe peanut/tree nut allergy from Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
- Eligibility criteria included a history of anaphylaxis and/or elevated specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to high-risk components.
- Collected data via physician-led interviews with participants and caregivers.
Main Results:
- The study included 103 children; 47.6% had a history of anaphylaxis.
- Early nut introduction (before 12 months) was rare (<2%) and absent before 6 months.
- Peanut and cashew were common triggers; parental food allergy was more frequent in children without anaphylaxis (38.5% vs. 18.4%).
Conclusions:
- Early nut introduction was not observed in children with suspected severe nut allergy, irrespective of anaphylaxis history.
- Parental food allergy prevalence did not correlate with severe allergic reactions, indicating it's not a reliable predictor.
Aim:
Peanut and tree nut allergies are leading causes of food-induced anaphylaxis in children. We aimed to examine early introduction and allergic characteristics in children with suspected severe peanut and/or tree nut allergy.
Methods:
Children aged 3-16 years with suspected severe peanut and/or tree nut allergy were recruited from Tampere University Hospital, Finland. Eligibility was based on a history of anaphylaxis and/or elevated specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to high-risk allergenic components. Data were collected through structured, physician-led interviews with participants and their caregivers.
Results:
The study included 103 children (mean age 7.2 ± 3.0 years), of whom 47.6% had a history of anaphylaxis. Early nut introduction (< 6 months) did not occur at all among the participants. Additionally, nut introduction before 12 months was rare (< 2%). Peanut and cashew were the most introduced nuts and the most frequent anaphylaxis triggers. Parental food allergy was significantly more common among children without anaphylaxis compared to those with confirmed anaphylaxis (38.5% vs. 18.4%; p = 0.035).
Conclusion:
Early nut introduction was absent among children with suspected severe nut allergy, regardless of anaphylaxis history. Parental food allergy was more prevalent in children without anaphylaxis, suggesting it is not a reliable predictor of severe allergic reactions.
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