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Multiple, simultaneous abiotic stresses differentially impact downy mildew infection in grapevine
Ana Clara Fanton1, Michaela Svobodová1, Sylvain Prigent2,3
1Bordeaux-Sciences Agro, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE EGFV, ISVV, 210 Chem. de Leysotte, Villenave d'Ornon 33882, France.
Tree Physiology
|February 5, 2026
Summary
Grapevine resilience to climate change involves complex stress interactions. Combined drought and heat reduce downy mildew, while defense metabolites like stilbenes increase, aiding plant defense.
Area of Science:
- Plant science
- Climate change biology
- Plant pathology
Background:
- Climate change intensifies abiotic stresses like drought and heat waves.
- These stresses can interact with biotic factors, impacting plant health and disease.
- Understanding grapevine responses to combined stresses is crucial for agricultural resilience.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interactive effects of drought, heat, and downy mildew on grapevine physiology.
- To determine the impact of these combined stresses on pathogenesis and defense mechanisms.
- To elucidate the physiological and biochemical responses of grapevines to multi-stress scenarios.
Main Methods:
- Grapevines were subjected to individual and combined drought and heat stress treatments.
- Leaves were subsequently inoculated with Plasmopara viticola (downy mildew).
- Physiological responses and defense-related metabolites (H2O2, phenols, stilbenes) were quantified.
Main Results:
- Drought and combined drought-heat treatments reduced stomatal conductance, limiting pathogen entry and sporulation.
- Defense metabolites showed differential regulation: stilbene concentration increased significantly under all stress conditions.
- Flavonoids and phenolic acids exhibited stress-specific patterns, indicating complex biochemical defense.
Conclusions:
- Stomatal conductance serves as a key biophysical defense mechanism against downy mildew under drought stress.
- Metabolic profiling reveals distinct biochemical strategies employed by grapevines against combined abiotic and biotic stressors.
- These findings enhance understanding of grapevine multi-stress resilience in a changing climate.
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