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Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
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Proposing Entrustable Professional Activities for Pediatric Critical Care Ultrasound: A Modified Delphi Consensus

Michael Lintner-Rivera1, Ivanna N Maxson2, Awni M Al-Subu3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a Journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies
|February 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A consensus framework for pediatric critical care ultrasound (CCUS) education was developed using entrustable professional activities (EPAs). Fourteen EPAs were established across five domains to guide training and competency assessment in pediatric critical care settings.

Keywords:
echocardiographyentrustable professional activitiesmedical educationpoint-of-care ultrasoundprocedures

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
  • Medical Education
  • Point-of-Care Ultrasound

Background:

  • Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is increasingly vital in pediatric critical care.
  • Standardized education and competency assessment for POCUS in this field are lacking.
  • A consensus-based framework is needed to guide critical care ultrasound (CCUS) education.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a consensus-based framework for pediatric critical care ultrasound (CCUS) education.
  • To define entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for CCUS competency.
  • To establish a structured approach for training and assessing pediatric critical care providers in CCUS.

Main Methods:

  • A modified Delphi method was employed for consensus-building.
  • An expert panel of 23 members from 17 institutions participated.
  • Three iterative rounds of surveys and meetings were conducted to refine CCUS EPAs.

Main Results:

  • Fourteen entrustable professional activities (EPAs) were formulated across five domains: Cardiac, Pulmonary, Abdomen, Procedures, and Vascular.
  • Consensus was reached on educational content and methods for CCUS.
  • EPAs required a median Likert score of >= 4.5 for progression, indicating strong agreement.

Conclusions:

  • A consensus-based framework of fourteen EPAs for pediatric critical care ultrasound (CCUS) education has been established.
  • This framework provides a structured approach for competency assessment and education in pediatric critical care.
  • The initiative sets a foundation for advancing standards in pediatric critical care ultrasound education and practice.