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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Plant tissue culture is widely used in both primary and applied science. Applications range from plant development studies to functional gene studies, crop improvement, commercial micropropagation, virus elimination, and conservation of rare species.
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Genome Editing for Developing Disease-Resistant Plants.

Muhammad Sohaib Shafique1, Yapei Liu1, Zhiyuan Ji2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing enables precise modification of plant genomes to enhance disease resistance. This chapter details methods for developing disease-resistant crops using gene knockout and targeted gene insertion strategies.

Keywords:
CRISPR-Cas9Disease resistanceGene knockoutGenome editingTargeted knock-in

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 technology revolutionizes crop breeding.
  • Genome editing allows precise genetic modifications in plants.
  • Enhancing disease resistance is crucial for crop improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present CRISPR-based strategies for developing disease-resistant crops.
  • To outline protocols for gene knockout and targeted gene insertion.
  • To provide tools for accelerating the breeding of resistant cultivars.

Main Methods:

  • Gene knockout of host susceptibility (S) genes.
  • Targeted insertion of resistance alleles via homology-directed repair (HDR).
  • Utilizing CRISPR-Cas9 for precise edits in crops like rice.

Main Results:

  • Successful application of CRISPR-Cas9 for disease resistance engineering.
  • Demonstrated efficacy of both gene knockout and HDR pathways.
  • Development of comprehensive protocols for CRISPR-based crop improvement.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 offers a powerful platform for engineering plant immunity.
  • These methods accelerate the development of disease-resistant crop varieties.
  • Practical tools are provided for advanced plant breeding.