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Novel anthropometric indices for predicting diabetes mellitus: A population-based study
Fatemeh Baberi1, Shayan Rezaeianzadeh2, Abbas Rezaianzadeh3
1Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Primary Care Diabetes
|February 5, 2026
Summary
Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is the best anthropometric index for identifying type 2 diabetes risk in adults. This measure of body fat distribution is more accurate than BMI or BAI for predicting diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
- Anthropometry
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes risk assessment lacks a universally agreed-upon anthropometric index.
- Understanding gender-specific associations of anthropometric indices with diabetes is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the predictive power of novel and traditional anthropometric indices for type 2 diabetes.
- To investigate the influence of gender on the association between anthropometric indices and type 2 diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Kharameh cohort study (Iranian adults aged 40-70).
- Evaluation of Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), ABSI, BRI, and BAI.
- Statistical analysis included independent t-tests, logistic regression, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves.
Main Results:
- 15% of 10,663 participants had diabetes; anthropometric indices were higher in the diabetic group.
- WHR demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy for diabetes (cutoff > 0.95) in both sexes.
- BMI and BAI showed the lowest accuracy, with Area Under the Curve (AUC) < 60% for both sexes.
Conclusions:
- Body fat distribution, especially central obesity, is critical for predicting diabetes risk.
- WHR is a valuable anthropometric index for identifying individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes.
- Findings support the use of WHR in screening and prevention programs for type 2 diabetes.
Keywords:
A body adiposity indexA body roundness indexA body shape indexAnthropometric IndicesBody mass indexType 2 Diabetes MellitusWaist to Height ratioWaist to Hip ratioMore Related Videos
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