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A Janus-Like Bio-Inspired Strategy for 3D-Printed Bimetallic Metamaterials with Excellent Thermal-Protection and Load

Zhicheng Dong1,2,3, Wei Cheng2,3, Yu He1,3

  • 1School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
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PubMed
Summary

This study introduces 3D-printed bimetallic metamaterials for hypersonic applications. A bio-inspired design with 4% SiC enhances thermal protection and load-bearing capacity, improving energy absorption under extreme conditions.

Keywords:
3D printingbimetallic metamaterialsjanus‐like bio‐inspired strategynumerical simulationsthermal‐mechanical performance

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Aerospace Engineering

Background:

  • Hypersonic flight presents significant thermal protection challenges.
  • Integrating thermal protection with load-bearing capabilities is crucial for advanced aerospace applications.
  • Bimetallic metamaterials offer a promising approach to address these challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize Janus-like, bio-inspired, 3D-printed bimetallic metamaterials.
  • To investigate the effect of silicon carbide (SiC) reinforcement on mechanical and thermal properties.
  • To evaluate the performance of these metamaterials under extreme temperature conditions for aerospace applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of bimetallic metamaterials using dual-hopper selective laser melting with varying SiC volume fractions (0, 4, 8 vol%).
  • In situ Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) tensile tests at 25°C and 250°C.
  • Quasi-static compression testing of Gyroid Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) lattices.

Main Results:

  • Damage was confined to a narrow transition zone between the two alloys.
  • The bimetallic architecture effectively redirected load, stabilizing the mechanical response.
  • Structures with 4 vol% SiC demonstrated significant improvements in specific energy absorption (up to 18.8%) across temperatures.
  • 4 vol% SiC promoted a distributed shear-band network, delaying failure and increasing load capacity compared to 0 and 8 vol% SiC.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed Janus-like bimetallic metamaterials offer synergistic mechanical improvement and stable energy absorption under extreme environments.
  • The 4 vol% SiC composition provides an optimal balance for enhanced performance, avoiding premature collapse.
  • This research presents a practical pathway for creating integrated, thermally protective, and load-bearing components for aerospace applications.