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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord01:26

Spinal Cord

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The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
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The Spinal Cord01:54

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
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The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
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The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
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Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

A Contusion Model of Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
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SV2A PET Imaging Detects Severity-Dependent Synaptic Changes After Experimental Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

Claudia Schrauwen1,2,3, Nicolas Halloin3, Annemie Van Eetveldt2,4

  • 1Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.

Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
|February 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

18F-SynVesT-1 PET imaging noninvasively measures synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) loss after spinal cord injury (SCI). This novel PET tracer detects SCI severity-dependent synaptic loss, offering a new biomarker for injury assessment.

Keywords:
18F-SynVesT-1autoradiographycontusion SCIstructural MRIsynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes significant motor and sensory deficits.
  • Anatomic MRI lacks sensitivity for functional synaptic changes crucial for prognosis.
  • Noninvasive imaging of synaptic alterations is needed for SCI assessment and therapeutic evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate 18F-SynVesT-1 PET imaging for noninvasively measuring synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) loss in a rat SCI model.
  • To determine if SV2A PET can detect SCI severity-dependent synaptic loss.
  • To validate in vivo PET findings with ex vivo methods.

Main Methods:

  • Rats underwent graded contusion SCI (100, 250, 400 kDyn) or sham surgery.
  • Longitudinal 18F-SynVesT-1 PET/CT and structural MRI were performed at 1 and 6 weeks post-injury.
  • Postmortem SV2A immunostaining and autoradiography were used for validation.

Main Results:

  • Structural MRI showed lesion volumes proportional to SCI severity.
  • 18F-SynVesT-1 PET detected significant SV2A reduction at the injury epicenter, proportional to injury severity (P < 0.0001 at 1 wk).
  • SV2A loss was sustained at 6 weeks and strongly correlated with ex vivo validation.

Conclusions:

  • 18F-SynVesT-1 PET is a sensitive, noninvasive method to measure SV2A loss in SCI.
  • SV2A PET can discriminate between different injury severities.
  • SV2A PET serves as an objective early biomarker for SCI severity and progression, valuable for therapy evaluation.