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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

$Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing$

Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing

Published on: April 25, 2019

Diffraction-Free Omnidirectional Antireflection Binary Metasurface via Femtosecond Laser Hybrid Etching.

Xin-Ran Yuan¹, Xin Zhang¹, Lei Wang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|February 6, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed a novel metasurface for anti-reflection windows, achieving high transmission and durability. This scalable design offers robust performance for infrared optics in extreme conditions.

Keywords:

antireflection etching femtosecond laser hard materials metasurface

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Published on: August 22, 2017

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Materials Science

Background:

Achieving diffraction-free transmission and mechanical robustness in anti-reflection windows is challenging for hard, brittle materials.
Conventional subwavelength structures face limitations in processing efficiency and scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel cone-cylinder binary metasurface for diffraction-free, non-diffractive transmission.
To develop a scalable fabrication method for broadband anti-reflection windows on sapphire.

Main Methods:

Designed a cone-cylinder binary metasurface utilizing multi-mode resonance and phase compensation.
Developed a femtosecond laser penetrating hybrid etching (FsLPE) technique for centimeter-scale fabrication.
Tested transmittance, angular dependence, and thermal stability of the fabricated windows.

Main Results:

Achieved peak transmittance of 98.3% at 5 µm and average transmittance over 92.0%.
Demonstrated minimal transmittance degradation (0.3%) at a 50° incidence angle.
Confirmed the window's robustness by withstanding temperatures up to 1200°C.

Conclusions:

The novel metasurface design enables scalable, non-subwavelength, diffraction-free transmission.
The FsLPE technique provides efficient fabrication of robust, broadband anti-reflection windows.
The developed sapphire windows show significant potential for infrared optical systems operating in extreme environments.