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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Mitochondrial protein import is powered by two distinct energy sources: ATP hydrolysis and electrochemical potential across the inner membrane. Newly synthesized precursors are bound by cytosolic chaperones of the Hsp70 family, which guide them to the import receptors on the mitochondrial surface. Utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis, Hsp70 chaperones transfer these precursors to the TOM receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane.
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Disorder-Specific Genetic Effects Drive the Associations Between Psychopathology and Cognitive Functioning.

Wangjingyi Liao1, Engin Keser2, Andrea Allegrini2,3

  • 1Centre for Brain and Behaviour, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science
|February 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic risk for psychopathology is linked to cognition through disorder-specific pathways, not shared transdiagnostic factors. Understanding these unique genetic influences is key to deciphering the complex relationship between mental health and cognitive function.

Keywords:
Cognitive developmentCognitive functioningPolygenic scoresPsychopathologyTransdiagnostic genetic riskWithin-siblings analyses

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cognitive functioning is crucial in psychopathology but understudied.
  • Cognitive deficits often cross diagnostic boundaries, complicating disorder-specific links.
  • Genetic research can differentiate shared (transdiagnostic) from unique genetic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify transdiagnostic and disorder-specific genetic risk factors for psychopathology.
  • To examine how genetic risk for psychopathology relates to cognitive functioning across development.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic structural equation modeling was used.
  • Polygenic scores were derived from a longitudinal twin sample (N=7764).
  • Associations between genetic risk and cognitive domains were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Psychopathology-cognition relationships are mainly driven by disorder-specific genetic risk.
  • Associations varied across different disorders and cognitive domains.
  • Within-family analyses revealed distinct pathways for these associations, some robust to environmental factors.

Conclusions:

  • Disorder-specific genetic effects are crucial for understanding psychopathology-cognition links.
  • Transdiagnostic genetic risk is more relevant for psychiatric symptoms than cognitive function.
  • Focusing solely on transdiagnostic risk overlooks the complexity of cognitive profiles in psychopathology.