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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
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DREADD agonist Clozapine-N-oxide, but not Compound 21, impairs spatial memory encoding

Brayden Bunce1, Anna A VanKampen1, Annie He1

  • 1Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (MCDB), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|February 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Clozapine-N-Oxide (CNO) impairs hippocampus-dependent memory formation, while Compound 21 (C21) does not. This suggests C21 is a better choice for chemogenetic studies on memory and hippocampal function.

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