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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

4.1K
As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
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Joints01:26

Joints

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Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
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Method of Joints01:30

Method of Joints

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The method of joints is a commonly used technique to analyze the forces in structural trusses. The method is based on the principle of equilibrium, which assumes that the truss members are connected by frictionless pins. The forces at each joint can be determined by considering the equilibrium of the forces acting on that joint.
Since plane truss members are in the same plane, each joint is subjected to a coplanar and concurrent force system. To apply the method of joints, the first step is to...
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Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

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The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Characterization of Leukocyte-platelet Rich Fibrin, A Novel Biomaterial
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Characterization of Leukocyte-platelet Rich Fibrin, A Novel Biomaterial

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Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Promising First-Line Therapy for Temporomandibular Joint Hypermobility.

K Aishwarya1, Manjunath Rai1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, AJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka India.

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery
|February 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin (I-PRF) injections offer a safe and effective treatment for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypermobility. This minimally invasive procedure significantly reduced pain, locking episodes, and joint sounds in patients.

Keywords:
Habitual subluxationInjectable platelet-rich fibrinLow-speed centrifugation conceptPlatelet derivativesRecurrent TMJ dislocationTMJ hypermobility

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Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
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Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

  • Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation involves the condyle head moving from the glenoid fossa.
  • Hypermobility can lead to internal derangement, impacting daily life with locking episodes.
  • Conservative treatments are recommended first-line options for TMJ disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin (I-PRF) injections for TMJ hypermobility.
  • To establish I-PRF as a versatile treatment with a low complication rate.

Main Methods:

  • 26 patients with diagnosed TMJ hypermobility received a single I-PRF injection into the superior joint space and surrounding tissues under local anesthesia.
  • Post-injection assessments at 1 and 3 months evaluated mouth opening, TMJ pain, locking episodes, and clicking sounds.

Main Results:

  • Significant reduction in maximal mouth opening was observed from baseline to 3-month follow-up.
  • Marked decrease in TMJ locking episodes, pain scores, and joint sounds was noted at 3 months post-injection.

Conclusions:

  • Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin (I-PRF) is a simple, minimally invasive, and cost-effective treatment for TMJ hypermobility.
  • I-PRF can be considered as a viable option before pursuing other joint injections or surgical interventions.