Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cataract patients in Shenzhen regarding cataract treatment

This study aimed to explore knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding cataracts among patients in Shenzhen.

A cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 December 2024 and 31 March 2025, at Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen People's Hospital, and Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital. Data were gathered using structured questionnaires designed to measure demographic information, clinical features, and KAP scores regarding cataracts. Additionally, potential factors affecting KAP outcomes were examined through statistical analysis.

Among the 500 participating cataract patients, 299 (59.8%) were female, and 185 (37.0%) had previously received cataract surgery. The mean (SD) knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 9.22 (4.35) (possible range: 0-17), 45.85 (3.78) (possible range: 11-55), and 27.18 (2.61) (possible range: 8-40), respectively. Correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations between knowledge and practice (r = 0.276, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a correlation between attitude and practice (r = 0.329, p < 0.001). Analysis of the direct and indirect effects of the model showed that attitudes had a direct effect on practice (β = 0.586, p < 0.001). However, neither the direct effect of knowledge on attitudes and practice nor the indirect effect of knowledge on practice was significant.

Shenzhen cataract patients demonstrated insufficient knowledge and positive attitudes but passive practices, with attitudes directly shaping behaviors. Healthcare providers should enhance patient education and tailor communication for older populations to improve engagement and cataract management.