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Assessment of Central Sensitivity Syndrome and Sensory Processing Sensitivity: A Systematic Review
Mercedes Borda-Mas1,2, Gema Chamorro-Moriana3,4, Nerea Almeda1,2
1Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|February 6, 2026
Summary
This study reviewed assessment tools for central sensitivity syndrome (CSS) and sensory processing sensitivity (SPS). The Central Sensitization Inventory Short Form demonstrated the highest methodological quality for evaluating these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Central sensitivity syndrome (CSS) and sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) share overlapping physical and psychological symptoms.
- Effective multidisciplinary treatments require validated assessment tools to quantify these alterations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and compare validated assessment methods for CSS and SPS.
- To identify the most appropriate instrument for quantifying CSS and SPS based on methodological quality and content.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, searching multiple databases (PubMed, WoS, Scopus, Psycinfo, CINHAL) and manual searches.
- Inclusion of 29 original validation studies for CSS/SPS assessment tools.
- Methodological quality assessment using QUADAS-2 and COSMIN-RB, complemented by meta-analysis.
Main Results:
- Twenty-nine assessment questionnaires/scales were evaluated.
- Recent validations (post-2010) exhibited better methodological quality, with low risk of bias (QUADAS-2) and adequate domains (COSMIN-RB).
- The Central Sensitization Inventory Short Form achieved the highest scores on QUADAS-2 and COSMIN-RB.
Conclusions:
- Validated assessment tools are crucial for understanding and treating CSS and SPS.
- The Central Sensitization Inventory Short Form is recommended due to its superior methodological rigor and comprehensive variable coverage.
- Future research should focus on utilizing high-quality instruments for robust treatment evaluation.
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