Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Molecular Shapes

Molecular Shapes

Molecules have characteristic shapes that are crucial for their function. The arrangement of various electron groups around the central atom dictates their molecular geometry. Electron pairs in the valence shell of a central atom will adopt an arrangement that minimizes repulsions between the electron pairs by maximizing the distance between them. The valence electrons form either bonding pairs, located primarily between bonded atoms, or lone pairs.
Two regions of electron density in a diatomic...

Molecular Shape and Polarity

Molecular Shape and Polarity

Dipole Moment of a Molecule

VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes

VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes

Overview of VSEPR Theory

First Derivatives and the Shape of a Graph

First Derivatives and the Shape of a Graph

In calculus, the concept of the first derivative plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of a function over its domain. The first derivative, denoted as f’(x), provides insight into how a function changes at any given point, much like a cyclist adjusting speed along a winding trail. By analyzing the first derivative, mathematicians can determine where a function is increasing, decreasing, or reaching critical points.The first derivative provides a precise method for classifying...

Second Derivatives and the Shape of a Graph

Second Derivatives and the Shape of a Graph

The second derivative of a function provides essential information about a graph's curvature and how it changes over an interval. It helps determine whether a function is concave upward or concave downward and identifies points where the curvature changes. These properties are fundamental in analyzing real-world scenarios, such as changes in road elevation, population growth, and economic trends.A function f(x) is considered concave upward on an interval if its graph lies above all its tangent...

Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate

Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate

Aggregate shape is classified based on the relative sharpness or roundness of the edges and corners. This classification includes categories like rounded, angular, elongated, and flaky, each with specific characteristics. Rounded aggregates, fully shaped by attrition, are typical of river or seashore gravel, while angular aggregates, such as crushed rock, have well-defined edges. Aggregates that are elongated and flaky are less desirable, as they can reduce the workability and strength of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

BCMA-directed therapy with cizutamig induces rapid improvement in long-standing systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)·2026

Same author

USP9X trims STAT1 to curb oncostatin M activity and intestinal inflammation.

Cellular & molecular immunology·2026

Same author

Teclistamab induces rapid clinical response and deep tissue depletion in refractory systemic sclerosis-a case series.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases·2026

Same author

Coordinated Interferon-γ/Tumor Necrosis Factor axis Drives Selective Loss of Activated Enteric Glia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology·2026

Same author

IBDome: An Integrated Molecular, Histopathological, and Clinical Atlas of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Gastroenterology·2026

Same author

HDAC7 controls anti-viral and anti-tumor immunity by CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells.

Frontiers in immunology·2026

Same journal

Defining and characterizing the relevant state variables of the mammalian gut ecosystem.

Cell reports·2026

Same journal

Distinct compositional changes but shared quantitative microbiome and anti-inflammatory modulations by diet.

Cell reports·2026

Same journal

HPD is a copper-binding protein that interacts with DLAT to promote colorectal cancer cuproptosis under copper stress.

Cell reports·2026

Same journal

Rotational trophoblast organoids reveal biomechanical regulation of trophoblast differentiation.

Cell reports·2026

Same journal

Dysregulated calcium signaling underlies hyposalivation and microbial dysbiosis in Down syndrome.

Cell reports·2026

Same journal

Collagen 1-mediated CXCL1 secretion in tumor cells activates fibroblasts to promote radioresistance of esophageal cancer.

Cell reports·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

An Objective and Child-friendly Assessment of Arm Function by Using a 3-D Sensor

An Objective and Child-friendly Assessment of Arm Function by Using a 3-D Sensor

Published on: February 12, 2018

GATA-3 localization shapes lymphocyte function.

Philippe Saikali¹, Maria Dzamukova¹, Christina Stehle²

¹Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Berlin, Germany; German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, Berlin, Germany.

|February 6, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

GATA-3 nuclear import controls lymphocyte function. Blocking this import disrupts T helper 2 cell features, highlighting its crucial role in immune cell biology.

Keywords:

CP: immunology GATA-3 LCMV T helper cell Th1 and Th2 cell reprogramming importazole importin-β innate lymphoid cell intracellular compartmentalization nuclear import transcription factor

More Related Videos

Radial Mobility and Cytotoxic Function of Retroviral Replicating Vector Transduced, Non-adherent Alloresponsive T Lymphocytes

Radial Mobility and Cytotoxic Function of Retroviral Replicating Vector Transduced, Non-adherent Alloresponsive T Lymphocytes

Published on: February 11, 2015

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Published on: June 24, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

An Objective and Child-friendly Assessment of Arm Function by Using a 3-D Sensor

An Objective and Child-friendly Assessment of Arm Function by Using a 3-D Sensor

Published on: February 12, 2018

Radial Mobility and Cytotoxic Function of Retroviral Replicating Vector Transduced, Non-adherent Alloresponsive T Lymphocytes

Radial Mobility and Cytotoxic Function of Retroviral Replicating Vector Transduced, Non-adherent Alloresponsive T Lymphocytes

Published on: February 11, 2015

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Published on: June 24, 2019

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

GATA-3 is vital for lymphocyte function, but its intracellular transport and regulation remain unclear.
Understanding GATA-3 localization is key to deciphering its role in different immune cell subsets.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the intracellular distribution of GATA-3 in lymphocytes.
To identify the mechanisms regulating GATA-3 nuclear import.
To elucidate the functional consequences of GATA-3 mislocalization.

Main Methods:

Single-cell confocal microscopy for GATA-3 localization.
In vitro and in vivo cell reprogramming experiments.
Functional assays to assess effector functions.
Importin-β inhibition studies.

Main Results:

GATA-3 is nuclear in naive and T helper 2 (Th2) cells, but cytoplasmic in T helper 1 (Th1) cells.
Cell reprogramming altered GATA-3 localization and effector functions.
Importin-β mediates GATA-3 nuclear import.
Importin-β blockade impaired Th2 cell function due to GATA-3 degradation.

Conclusions:

GATA-3 nuclear import is a critical regulator of lymphocyte differentiation and function.
Th2 cell activity is dependent on sustained GATA-3 nuclear import.
Controlling GATA-3 nuclear import acts as a rheostat for immune cell biology.