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Critical quantum metrology robust against dissipation and nonadiabaticity
Jia-Hao Lü1, Wen Ning1, Fan Wu1
1Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
Science Advances
|February 6, 2026
Summary
Quantum metrology uses critical systems for enhanced precision. This study demonstrates a robust method using the Jaynes-Cummings model in superconducting circuits, overcoming experimental challenges for improved measurements.
Area of Science:
- Quantum metrology
- Superconducting circuits
- Quantum information science
Background:
- Critical systems near quantum phase transitions offer enhanced sensitivity for metrology.
- Experimental realization is challenging due to decoherence and critical slowing down.
Purpose of the Study:
- To circumvent experimental challenges in criticality-enhanced quantum metrology.
- To demonstrate a robust metrological protocol using critical behaviors.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing critical behaviors in the Jaynes-Cummings model.
- Encoding information in a qubit's excitation number for robustness.
- Implementing the protocol in a superconducting circuit with an Xmon qubit and resonator.
Main Results:
- The qubit's excitation number showed a divergent changing rate at the critical point.
- The metrological protocol proved robust against decoherence and nonadiabatic effects.
- Measured quantum Fisher information demonstrated critical quantum enhancement.
Conclusions:
- The demonstrated protocol effectively leverages critical phenomena for enhanced quantum metrology.
- This approach overcomes key experimental hurdles, paving the way for practical applications.
- The findings confirm the significant potential of critical quantum systems in metrology.
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