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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Induction and Analysis of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition
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Induction and Analysis of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: August 27, 2013

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RALY promotes Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in Hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating Snail

Hee-Won Kim1, Jungsoo Kim2, Jeong-Heon Ko2

  • 1Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|February 6, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein RALY promotes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by enhancing cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. RALY targets Snail mRNA to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), suggesting it as a potential cancer therapeutic target.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • RNA Metabolism

Background:

  • RALY, a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein, is involved in RNA metabolism.
  • RALY overexpression is linked to poor prognosis in breast, uterine, and liver cancers.
  • RALY's role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of RALY in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which RALY influences cancer progression.
  • To assess RALY as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized HCC cell lines (Hep3B and HepG2) to study RALY's function.
  • Investigated RALY's impact on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
  • Analyzed RALY's interaction with Snail mRNA and its effect on stability.
  • Examined RALY's modulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway.

Main Results:

  • RALY significantly regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells.
  • RALY directly binds to Snail mRNA, increasing its stability and promoting EMT.
  • RALY modulates the TGF-β pathway, further enhancing Snail transcription.
  • RALY plays a crucial role in cancer cell metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • RALY is a key regulator of cell proliferation and metastasis in HCC.
  • RALY promotes EMT by stabilizing Snail mRNA and influencing TGF-β signaling.
  • RALY represents a promising therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
Keywords:
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)Hepatocellular carcinomaRALYRNA binding proteinSnailTGF-β

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