Family care reflections and expectations among 2^nd generation Turkish immigrants in Norway: A qualitative study

The increasing presence of older immigrants in European societies has led to growing interest in how they and their families experience and manage care in ageing. This study aimed to explore the pattern of reflections and expectations of 2^nd generation Turkish immigrants in Norway regarding family care. Qualitative design was employed in this study. The sample consisted of 18 2^ndgeneration individuals of Turkish origin living in Norway. All participants lived in and around the same city in the middle part of Norway. Data was collected through individual face-to-face interviews conducted between November 2024 and January 2025. The transcripts were examined using reflexive thematic analysis. Four main themes were identified. 1) Cultural Background and Caregiving: Traditional Turkish Norms, 2) Intergenerational Care Expectations: Shifting Norms and Values, 3) Family Care Under the Same Roof: Wishes and Realities, and 4) Negotiating Family Care Responsibility. These findings demonstrate that cultural norms and caregiving, intergenerational care expectations, and family care practices are dynamically negotiated among 2^nd generation Turkish immigrants. The findings indicate that while caregiving responsibilities are primarily framed in terms of love and moral obligation, economic, spatial, and emotional challenges significantly complicate this process.