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Decoding haptic and imagined stimulus size in the human cortex.

Samantha Sartin1, Federica Danaj2, Fabio Del Giudice1

  • 1Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.

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|February 6, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The early visual cortex (EVC) decodes object size during touch, but not imagination. This indicates haptic exploration, not visual imagery, drives EVC activity for size representation.

Keywords:
Early visual cortexFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)Haptic explorationMultivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA)Psychophysiological interactionsSizeVisual imagery

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The early visual cortex (EVC), including V1, is implicated in haptic object exploration.
  • It's unclear if the EVC represents object features like size during touch without vision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if stimulus size can be decoded from EVC activity during haptic exploration.
  • To investigate if visual imagery explains size decoding in the EVC during haptic tasks.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI with multivariate pattern analysis was used on 25 participants.
  • Participants haptically explored or imagined the size of rings while blindfolded.
  • Psychophysiological interaction analysis examined functional connectivity.

Main Results:

  • V1 and occipital pole (OP) accurately decoded size during haptic exploration, but not imagery.
  • Frontal, parietal, and LOtv regions decoded size in both haptic and imagery conditions.
  • V1 and OP showed increased connectivity with visual streams during haptic tasks.

Conclusions:

  • EVC activity patterns reflect size during haptic exploration, independent of visual imagery.
  • Frontoparietal regions exhibit flexible size representations adaptable to task demands.
  • Generalized size representations are supported by regions specialized for haptic and imagery processing.