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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility
Published on: August 9, 2024
Recent Advancements in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Systematic Review of Navigation, Robotics, and Augmented Reality
Hisham Omar1,2, Rachel Bonfini1, Mikul Duggal3,4
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Next-generation surgical systems like robotics and augmented reality (AR) improve precision in orthopaedic surgery. While short-term benefits like faster recovery are noted, long-term outcomes show minimal differences, and challenges remain for widespread adoption.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Medical Technology
- Surgical Innovation
Background:
- Computer-assisted navigation, robotics, and augmented reality (AR) are increasingly integrated into surgical procedures.
- These advanced technologies aim to enhance precision, safety, and effectiveness in complex operations.
Conclusions:
- Next-generation surgical systems offer enhanced precision and short-term benefits in orthopaedic surgery.
- Widespread adoption faces challenges including cost, learning curves, and workflow integration.
- Further research and technological refinement are needed to overcome barriers to broader implementation.
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.

