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RNA-seq analysis of nintedanib effects on interstitial pneumonia in preoperative NSCLC patients

Hiroaki Kuroda1, Katsuhiro Masago2, Katsutoshi Seto3

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan; Division of Translational Oncoimmunology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi, Japan.

Respiratory Medicine
|February 7, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Nintedanib shows anti-inflammatory effects in normal lung tissue and promotes tissue remodeling in fibrotic areas for lung cancer patients with interstitial pneumonia, suggesting a potential therapeutic benefit.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Patients with lung cancer and interstitial pneumonia (IP) have limited treatment options.
  • The molecular mechanisms of IP and nintedanib's efficacy remain unclear.
  • This study investigates nintedanib's action in lung cancer patients with IP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of action of nintedanib in lung cancer patients with interstitial pneumonia.
  • To analyze differential RNA expression between normal and fibrotic lung tissues.
  • To assess the impact of nintedanib on tissue microenvironment.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing was performed on lung tissue from patients with and without IP.
  • Analysis included non-tumor lung tissue from IP patients treated with nintedanib.
  • Fibrotic lung tissue from IP patients with and without nintedanib treatment was analyzed.
  • Microenvironmental analysis was conducted using xCell2.

Main Results:

  • Nintedanib modulated inflammation in non-tumor lung tissue by suppressing PLA2G2D and upregulating CST2 and MMP11.
  • In fibrotic lesions, nintedanib suppressed MUC6, ITLN1, and AREG expression.
  • Nintedanib treatment led to reduced plasma cells and increased smooth muscle, adipocyte, and endothelial cells in fibrotic areas.

Conclusions:

  • Nintedanib exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in non-tumor lung tissue.
  • Nintedanib facilitates tissue remodeling in fibrotic lung areas.
  • These findings suggest potential therapeutic benefits of nintedanib for lung cancer patients with IP.
Keywords:
Interstitial pneumoniaLung cancerNintedanibPulmonary fibrosisRNA sequence

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