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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

220.2K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
220.2K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

6.4K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
6.4K
Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

1.3K
The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
1.3K
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

31.4K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
31.4K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

5.7K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
5.7K
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

1.7K
Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
1.7K

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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining, Imaging, and Analysis in Histological Samples of Lymphoma
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Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining, Imaging, and Analysis in Histological Samples of Lymphoma

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2026 Update on the Management of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Elise A Chong1,2, Emily B Tomasulo1,2, Stefan K Barta1,2

  • 1Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

American Journal of Hematology
|February 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treatment is evolving, with new frontline options and therapies for relapsed or refractory disease. Research focuses on novel agents, cellular therapies, and risk-adapted strategies to improve patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CART cell therapyDLBCLchemotherapyimmunotherapylymphoma

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most prevalent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in Western countries, characterized by diverse biology and prognoses.
  • Current frontline therapy for fit patients includes pola-R-CHP and R-CHOP, while elderly or frail patients may receive R-mini-CHOP or palliative care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in DLBCL management.
  • To discuss ongoing clinical trials and future directions in DLBCL therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical trial data for DLBCL treatment.
  • Analysis of emerging therapeutic strategies including novel agents, cellular therapies, and risk-adapted approaches.

Main Results:

  • Frontline treatment strategies are adapting, with novel agents, CAR-T, and bispecific antibodies being investigated for high-risk disease.
  • Chemotherapy is being minimized or omitted in elderly/unfit populations.
  • Second-line curative options include CAR-T or autologous stem cell transplantation.
  • The relapsed/refractory setting has seen rapid expansion of treatment options, including bispecific antibody combinations and targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

  • The therapeutic landscape for DLBCL is rapidly evolving, moving towards chemotherapy-free approaches.
  • Ongoing research and clinical trials are crucial for improving outcomes in both frontline and relapsed/refractory DLBCL.
  • Risk-adapted strategies incorporating cell of origin, interim PET, and ctDNA hold promise for personalized treatment.