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Sexual shame: a narrative review.

Anna Grace C Coates1, Cindy M Meston1

  • 1Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1043, United States.

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Sexual shame significantly impacts sexual wellbeing, affecting sexual dysfunction and hypersexuality. Validated measures are needed to fully understand its role in sexual health.

Keywords:
sexual dysfunctionsexual healthsexual shamesexual violencesexual wellbeing

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sexual Health
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Sexual shame, a distinct form of shame related to negative self-evaluation of sexual experiences, thoughts, or behaviors, is understudied in sexual wellbeing literature.
  • While related to concepts like trauma-related shame and sex guilt, sexual shame has unique implications for sexual health.
  • Understanding sexual shame is crucial given its potential impact on overall sexual wellbeing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a narrative review of existing research that specifically measures sexual shame.
  • To synthesize findings on the relationship between sexual shame and various aspects of sexual wellbeing.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases including PsychInfo, PsycARTICLES, and PubMed.
  • Included studies were empirical, published in English, presented original findings, and explicitly measured sexual shame as a key variable.

Main Results:

  • Sexual shame is associated with negative sexual experiences, sexual dysfunction (particularly in women, though findings are mixed), and the cycle of hypersexuality.
  • It can perpetuate hypersexuality or motivate help-seeking behaviors.
  • Transgressing religious sexual norms is linked to increased sexual shame, especially concerning pornography use and masturbation.

Conclusions:

  • Sexual shame is significantly related to multiple components of sexual wellbeing, necessitating a clearer understanding of its role.
  • Current research is limited by methodological issues, including the use of unvalidated measures and conflation with related concepts.
  • Future research should focus on developing and utilizing validated measures to accurately assess sexual shame and its impact on sexual wellbeing.