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Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
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Unilateral accessory tragi in a cat.

Florine Brun1, Morgane Pertuis1, Noëlle Cochet-Faivre2

  • 1Unité d'Histologie et d'Anatomie Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc
|February 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Accessory tragi, a rare congenital ear malformation, were identified in a cat for the first time. These findings expand the known veterinary cases of this external ear anomaly.

Keywords:
accessory traguscatscongenital malformationearskin

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Comparative Anatomy
  • Congenital Malformations

Background:

  • Accessory tragus is a congenital malformation of the external ear, arising from the first pharyngeal arch.
  • In humans, it can be linked to congenital syndromes, often with autosomal dominant inheritance.
  • Previous veterinary reports are scarce, with only one documented case in a dog.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first documented cases of accessory tragi in a feline patient.
  • To provide detailed histopathological descriptions of this rare congenital anomaly in cats.
  • To highlight diagnostic considerations for pathologists encountering this lesion.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation of three cutaneous exophytic lesions in the preauricular region of a cat.
  • Histologic examination of two submitted lesions.
  • Microscopic analysis of tissue composition, including epidermal structure, collagenous stroma, adnexal structures, and cartilage.

Main Results:

  • Two lesions diagnosed as accessory tragi were identified in a 2.5-year-old European shorthair cat.
  • Histologically, lesions showed a collagenous core with adnexal structures and epidermal folds; one contained elastic cartilage.
  • The epidermis was of normal thickness and slightly hyperpigmented.

Conclusions:

  • Accessory tragus is reported for the first time in cats, expanding its known occurrence in veterinary medicine.
  • The histopathological findings provide a basis for diagnosing this rare condition in felines.
  • Accurate diagnosis may be challenging, particularly without cartilage or with unknown sample location.