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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Implementation of a Hyperbolic Vortex Plasma Reactor for the Removal of Micropollutants in Water
Published on: July 25, 2025
Enhanced removal of anionic Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) by electrically assisted nanofiltration:
YuTing Hua1, Yu Li2, Peng-Fei Li2
1Hebei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Water Conservancy, School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China; School of Resources & Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
Abstract:
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) persistently challenge conventional water treatment technologies, particularly for short-chain species. This study develops an innovative electro-nanofiltration (E-NF) process that synergistically couples a direct current electric field with nanofiltration to enhance PFAS removal. Systematic investigation reveals that a forward-aligned electric field reduces PFOA permeation flux by 75.2 % compared to conventional NF, primarily via electrophoretic migration. Under optimal conditions (11.1-13.3 V·cm⁻¹), the process achieves high rejection of PFOA (90.4 %) and PFBS (83.9 %) with competitive energy consumption below 1.92 kWh·m⁻³ under optimal conditions. We identify a critical hydraulic threshold at 0.8 MPa, beyond which concentration polarization dominates and leads to chain length-dependent rejection collapse. A modified solution-diffusion-electromigration model quantitatively decouples the transport mechanisms, determining higher apparent electrophoretic mobility for PFBS than for PFOA. The E-NF system demonstrates excellent reversibility and stability, confirming its potential as a robust and energy-efficient solution for mitigating PFAS contamination.
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