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Updated: Feb 10, 2026
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Development of Obliterative Bronchiolitis in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Lung Transplantation
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The Impact of Nirsevimab on Bronchiolitis-Related Hospitalizations: A Multicenter Italian Retrospective Comparative
Sergio Ghirardo1,2, Barbara Madini3, Nicola Ullmann4
1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Pediatric Pulmonology
|February 9, 2026
Summary
Nirsevimab significantly reduced respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations for bronchiolitis in Italian infants by 48%. The immunoprophylaxis reshaped viral patterns, highlighting its public health benefit.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Bronchiolitis is a major cause of infant hospitalization globally.
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary driver of bronchiolitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of nirsevimab immunoprophylaxis on RSV-related bronchiolitis hospitalizations in Italy.
- To assess changes in viral epidemiology during the 2024-2025 winter season.
Main Methods:
- Multicenter retrospective comparative study.
- Analysis of bronchiolitis admissions across nine Italian hospitals.
- Comparison of hospitalization data from the 2024-2025 season with the previous season.
Main Results:
- A 48% decrease in bronchiolitis admissions was observed.
- RSV positivity was significantly lower in nirsevimab-immunized infants (48%) compared to non-immunized (73%).
- Fewer RSV-related coinfections and a lower intubation rate (<0.5%) were noted.
Conclusions:
- Nirsevimab effectively reduces RSV-associated hospitalizations and alters the viral landscape of bronchiolitis.
- A shift in pathogen prevalence, with decreased RSV and increased rhinovirus/enterovirus, was observed.
- Widespread implementation of nirsevimab immunoprophylaxis is recommended for public health benefits.
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