[Ecosystem Health Change and Its Driving Mechanism in Guizhou Province Based on the Improved Framework （VORSDR_EEQ）]

A comprehensive assessment of regional ecosystem health （EH） and exploring its driving mechanisms are crucial for the sustainable development of human societies. Both service supply-demand and environmental quality significantly impact EH， and the failure to integrate them into the EH evaluation framework limits the rationality and comprehensiveness of the results. Therefore， this study proposed an improved EH assessment framework （VORSDR_EEQ） and assessed the spatial and temporal changes in EH from 2001 to 2020 using a new framework that integrates ecosystem organization structure， service supply-demand， and environmental quality with Guizhou Province as the study area. It also investigated the driving mechanisms of EH by combining Geodetector and the multi-scale geographically weighted regression model. The results showed that： ① Compared with the existing EH assessment frameworks， the VORSDR_EEQ framework can simultaneously reflect the coercive effects of dryness and heat of the regional natural environment and the impacts of ecosystem service supply and demand-gain-loss relationships on EH， thereby providing more realistic evaluation results. ② Overall， EH in Guizhou Province showed an improving trend， although the degradation in the eastern regions was more severe. ③ The dominant driver factors of EH shifted from natural factors to human activities. Among these， the influence of soil moisture gradually decreased， the influence of human footprint continued to increase and exceeded that of soil moisture， and the influence of afforestation projects was no longer significant by 2020. At the same time the interaction between natural factors and human activities maintained a high level of influence on EH. ④ There were significant spatiotemporal variations in the mechanism of action of different drivers on EH， and targeted ecological management strategies should be formulated in conjunction with the actual situation of EH response to natural and human activities when promoting ecological engineering and economic development. The findings provide a scientific basis for ecological restoration and conservation in Guizhou Province and offer new insights for EH assessment and management in other regions.