Innovative Nanomaterial-Based Approaches for the Recognition of Amphetamine in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity...

The rising incidence of amphetamine misuse, particularly in the context of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder treatment, underscores the urgent need for sensitive and effective detection methods. This review examines innovative nanomaterial-based approaches for AMP detection, emphasizing their advantages over conventional analytical techniques. Various nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes, graphene and metal nanoparticles, have been utilized to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of detection methods such as electrochemical sensors, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence-based assays. The distinctive properties of nanomaterials, including high surface area, conductivity and biocompatibility, enable the development of rapid and reliable detection systems. This paper discusses recent advancements in nanomaterial synthesis, functionalization and integration into detection platforms, along with the challenges and future directions in this field. By harnessing the potential of nanotechnology, these innovative approaches aim to improve the accuracy and efficiency of amphetamine detection, thereby enhancing the monitoring and management of substance abuse, particularly in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.