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Updated: Feb 10, 2026
11:31
Continuously-stirred Anaerobic Digester to Convert Organic Wastes into Biogas: System Setup and Basic Operation
Published on: July 13, 2012
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Unlocking Synergistic Biogas Potential: Pig Manure and Khat Waste Cosubstrates
Sewagegn Menberu Tegegne1, Anand Babu Desamala1, Talbachew Tadesse Nadew1,2,3
1Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering,, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, Kombolcha 208, Ethiopia.
ACS Omega
|February 9, 2026
Summary
Pig manure and khat waste blends show potential for sustainable biogas production. Optimal conditions yielded high biogas volume and methane content, offering a solution to global energy challenges.
Area of Science:
- * Environmental Science
- * Renewable Energy
- * Waste Management
Background:
- * Global energy scarcity necessitates exploration of alternative energy sources.
- * Agricultural waste, like pig manure (PM) and khat waste (KW), presents an underutilized resource.
- * Anaerobic digestion offers a sustainable method for converting organic waste into biogas.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To investigate the feasibility of using pig manure and khat waste blends for biogas production.
- * To determine the optimal mixing ratios, temperature, and hydraulic retention times for maximizing biogas yield and methane content.
- * To assess the potential of this substrate combination as an alternative energy source.
Main Methods:
- * Substrates (pig manure and khat waste) were initially treated separately, then mixed in varying ratios (75:25, 50:50, 25:75).
- * Anaerobic digestion was conducted under controlled temperatures (25-45 °C) and hydraulic retention times (30-50 days).
- * A central composite design (CCD) methodology was employed to study the effects of variables on biogas production.
Main Results:
- * The highest biogas volume (1831.2 mL) and methane percentage (61.4 wt %) were achieved with a 50:50 PM/KW mixing ratio.
- * Optimal conditions included a temperature of 45 °C and a hydraulic retention time of 40 days.
- * The study demonstrated a significant correlation between substrate composition and biogas output.
Conclusions:
- * Co-digestion of pig manure and khat waste is a viable strategy for biogas generation.
- * This approach offers a sustainable solution to manage agricultural waste and address energy demands.
- * Further research can optimize the process for large-scale biogas production.
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