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Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

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Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
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Transcription

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Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons
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Engineered Allosteric RNA Editors Enable Compact, Stimulus-Responsive Post-Transcriptional Circuits.

Alexander M Marzilli1, John T Ngo1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biological Design Center, and Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|February 9, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed inducible Deaminases Acting on RNA (iDARs) for programmable control over synthetic messenger RNAs (mRNAs). These iDARs enable trigger-dependent protein translation or mRNA degradation, offering precise control over gene expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Translational regulation is a key biological control mechanism.
  • Synthetic mRNAs require programmable control for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce inducible Deaminases Acting on RNA (iDARs) for conditional RNA editing.
  • To develop a generalizable framework for controllable deaminases and post-transcriptional circuits.

Main Methods:

  • Designed autoinhibited deaminase domains (DDs) using a domain-insertion strategy.
  • Engineered iDARs responsive to small molecules, antigens, proteases, and light.
  • Created novel RNA substrates with stop codons for conditional translation or degradation.
  • Tuned IP6-binding pockets for precise regulation and dose-dependent control.

Main Results:

  • Developed various iDARs (chemiDARs, antiDARs, lysiDARs, optiDARs) with conditional RNA-editing activities.
  • Achieved dose-dependent readthrough translation with dynamic ranges over 100-fold at low-nanomolar drug concentrations.
  • Demonstrated "self-editing" polycistronic transcripts for trigger-dependent protein expression from delivered mRNAs.
  • Showcased iDARs' ability to link biochemical sensing to de novo translation or mRNA decay.

Conclusions:

  • iDARs provide a versatile platform for creating controllable RNA editors.
  • This technology enables the design of sophisticated post-transcriptional regulatory circuits.
  • iDARs facilitate precise control over synthetic mRNA function in cellular contexts.