Sealing ability of nano-bioactive glass, Bio-C repair, and EndoSequence Bioceramic-root Repair Material putty as root...

To compare and evaluate the sealing ability of four retrograde filling materials-Biodentine, EndoSequence Bioceramic Root Repair Material (BC-RRM) fast set putty, Bio-C Repair, and Nishika Canal Sealer BG (NBG)-using dye penetration and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

Sixty extracted human maxillary central incisors were decoronated and instrumented apically to a size #40 K-file and the rest of the canal till a N0.60 K file using the step-back technique with irrigants 3% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, and saline. After obturation with AH Plus sealer and gutta-percha by lateral condensation, 3 mm of the root apex was resected, and retrograde cavities were prepared using ultrasonic tips. The specimens were divided into four groups (n = 15) according to the retrograde filling material used: G1: Biodentine, G2: EndoSequence BC-RRM fast set putty, G3: Bio-C Repair, and G4: Nishika Canal Sealer BG (NBG). All samples were immersed in 0.5% Rhodamine B dye for 24 h, sectioned longitudinally, and examined under CLSM. Data was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests.

Biodentine exhibited the highest mean microleakage value (279.076 ± 27.761), followed by EndoSequence BC-RRM fast set putty (269.701 ± 34.381) and Bio-C Repair (175.097 ± 16.958). Nishika Canal Sealer BG (NBG) exhibited the lowest mean microleakage (142.705 ± 20.235) with a P = 0.00.

All tested retrograde filling materials exhibited microleakage. NBG demonstrated the least microleakage, followed by Bio-C repair, EndoSequence BC-RRM fast set putty and Biodentine.