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Thalamic gliomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ali K Al-Shalchy1, Rania H Al-Taie2, Nooruldeen H Ali Al-Khafaji1
1Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, United States.
Surgical Neurology International
|February 9, 2026
Summary
Tumor grade significantly impacts thalamic glioma outcomes, with low-grade tumors showing better results than high-grade ones. Surgical approaches should be tailored, considering factors like tumor grade for improved patient prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Thalamic gliomas are rare and challenging brain tumors.
- Their unique characteristics necessitate specialized diagnostic and management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To consolidate evidence on clinical outcomes for thalamic gliomas.
- To analyze the impact of tumor grade, laterality, and surgical approach on outcomes.
- To identify common complications associated with thalamic glioma treatment.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
- Inclusion of 15 studies with 327 patients.
- Statistical analysis using pooled proportions, odds ratios (ORs), and random-effects models for heterogeneity and dichotomous outcomes.
Main Results:
- Tumor grade significantly correlates with clinical outcome (83% improvement in low-grade vs. 46% in high-grade; OR=0.366).
- Laterality did not significantly impact outcomes (right-sided 42% vs. left-sided 41% improvement).
- Subtotal resection showed a trend towards better improvement (54%) than gross total resection (32%); pediatric patients had better outcomes and lower mortality than adults.
Conclusions:
- Tumor grade is the most critical prognostic factor in thalamic glioma surgery.
- Tailored surgical strategies, advanced imaging, and intraoperative monitoring are key to optimizing outcomes.
- Further research into molecular subtypes is recommended to refine surgical planning and prognosis.
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