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Research Advances in Zein-Based Nanoparticles: Fabrication, Structural Design, Characterization, and Functions
Juyuan Wang1,2, Qiwan Si1, Haixiang Lan3
1College of Food Science and Engineering/Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|February 9, 2026
Summary
Zein nanoparticles, derived from maize, show promise as biocompatible delivery systems. Their fabrication and structural design significantly impact the encapsulation and controlled release of bioactive compounds.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Food Science
Background:
- Zein, a protein from maize, is gaining traction in nanoparticle delivery systems.
- Its biocompatibility and biodegradability make it an attractive option for various applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advancements in fabricating, designing, characterizing, and understanding the functions of zein-based nanoparticles.
- To explore how fabrication methods and structural designs influence nanoparticle properties and performance.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on zein nanoparticle fabrication techniques.
- Analysis of structural designs such as composite, core-shell, and layer-by-layer assemblies.
- Investigation of zein nanoparticle roles in delivering and protecting bioactive substances.
Main Results:
- Fabrication methods critically affect zein nanoparticle size, morphology, and stability.
- Structural designs enhance zein nanoparticle stability and enable controlled release of bioactive compounds.
- Zein nanoparticles demonstrate potential for personalized delivery of multiple bioactive compounds.
Conclusions:
- Zein-based nanoparticles are effective carriers for functional compounds.
- They offer improved stability, bioavailability, and targeted release capabilities.
- Further research into zein nanoparticle systems can advance drug and nutrient delivery.
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