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Related Concept Videos

Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

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Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
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Functional groups are a group of atoms with characteristic properties, which when linked to the carbon skeleton of a molecule, alter the properties of that molecule. For example, the presence of certain functional groups on a molecule will make them hydrophilic, whereas others will make them hydrophobic. These functional groups are an indispensable part of organic chemistry and important components of biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each...
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Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
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Scalable High Throughput Selection From Phage-displayed Synthetic Antibody Libraries
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RASP: rapid antibody functional screening by pentavalent phage display.

Manpreet Kaur1, Abhishek Dubey1,2, Kartik Chandran1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.

Mabs
|February 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed Rapid Antibody functional Screening by Pentavalent phage display (RASP) to directly identify neutralizing heavy-chain antibody variable domains (VHHs) for antiviral therapies.

Keywords:
RSV: respiratory syncytial virusSdAbs: single domain antibodiesVHH: variable domain of the HCAbs

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Heavy-chain antibody variable domains (VHHs), also known as single-domain antibodies, are derived from camelids and are valuable tools for targeting pathogens.
  • Conventional screening methods like phage display primarily rely on antibody-antigen binding, often necessitating further experiments to confirm neutralizing activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate Rapid Antibody functional Screening by Pentavalent phage display (RASP), a high-throughput functional screening method for directly identifying neutralizing VHHs.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of RASP in discovering antiviral VHHs against various viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Developed RASP by incorporating purified antibody-displaying phages for direct virus neutralization assays.
  • Utilized hyperphage technology for pentavalent display, enhancing VHH phage neutralization potential.
  • Screened a semi-synthetic VHH library against pseudotyped viruses (SARS-CoV-2, Junin virus, Ebola virus) using RASP.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated dose-dependent blockade of viral infection using VHH phages specific for SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus.
  • Showcased the superiority of hyperphage-derived VHH phages over helper phage-derived VHH phages in neutralization assays.
  • Successfully identified multiple neutralizing VHH candidates against SARS-CoV-2, Junin virus, and Ebola virus using RASP.

Conclusions:

  • RASP is an innovative, high-throughput method for directly identifying neutralizing VHHs, accelerating antiviral antibody discovery.
  • The pentavalent display feature of hyperphages significantly improves the efficiency of VHH-mediated viral neutralization assays.
  • RASP offers broad applicability as a standalone or complementary platform for discovering potent antiviral VHHs.