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Single-snapshot complex approximate message passing method for active sonar imaging in shallow water.

Fanchang Zeng1,2, Lingji Xu1,2, Zhixi Li1,2

  • 1School of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China.

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This study introduces a new Complex Approximate Message Passing (CAMP) algorithm for active sonar imaging. CAMP significantly improves underwater target detection by reducing reverberation and enhancing image resolution compared to conventional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Underwater acoustics
  • Signal processing
  • Sonar imaging

Background:

  • Active sonar imaging is crucial for underwater target detection, especially in shallow waters.
  • Reverberation from the seafloor and sea surface degrades image quality in sonar systems.
  • Conventional beamforming (CBF) has limitations in achieving narrow mainlobes and low sidelobes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an advanced beamforming technique for active sonar imaging.
  • To overcome the performance limitations of conventional beamforming methods.
  • To improve image quality and target detection in challenging underwater environments.

Main Methods:

  • Reformulated beamforming as a single-snapshot complex-valued least absolute shrinkage and selection operator problem.
  • Proposed the Complex Approximate Message Passing (CAMP) algorithm.
  • Utilized an anechoic pool for experimental validation and parameter optimization.
  • Conducted lake trials with a monostatic configuration for further testing.

Main Results:

  • The CAMP algorithm demonstrated significant imaging performance improvements over CBF.
  • CAMP effectively suppresses sidelobe levels and enhances image resolution.
  • The method resulted in cleaner sonar images with improved background interference suppression.
  • Optimization of the CAMP threshold parameter was achieved using the anechoic pool setup.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed CAMP algorithm offers a superior alternative to conventional beamforming for active sonar imaging.
  • CAMP enhances computational efficiency and convergence speed.
  • The method significantly improves underwater target detection and tracking capabilities in complex acoustic environments.