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A primer on equivalence (negligible effect) testing.

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Equivalence testing, or negligible effect significance testing (NEST), helps find evidence of negligible associations. This tutorial introduces NEST procedures, their application, and interpretation for researchers.

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Area of Science:

  • Statistics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Equivalence testing is less common than traditional significance testing.
  • Researchers may need to demonstrate negligible effects, not just differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a gentle introduction to equivalence testing/NEST procedures.
  • To explain the nature, application, and interpretation of NEST.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of NEST/equivalence testing procedures.
  • Discussion of considerations, including minimally meaningful effect size.
  • Illustrative examples and open-source software code.

Main Results:

  • Provides a clear framework for understanding and applying equivalence testing.
  • Demonstrates practical implementation with real data examples.
  • Offers guidance on selecting effect sizes and interpreting results.

Conclusions:

  • Equivalence testing/NEST offers a valuable alternative for hypothesis testing.
  • This tutorial facilitates the adoption of NEST in research.
  • Practical examples and code enhance the accessibility of these methods.