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Screen Time and Chronic Pain Health: Mendelian Randomization Study.

Jiahui Jiang1, Chunyan Pu1, Jiarui Cai1

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Increased screen time, particularly watching TV and using mobile phones, is linked to higher risks of chronic pain. Computer use showed a protective association, but confounding factors cannot be ruled out.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Growing use of electronic devices leads to increased screen time, raising health concerns, including chronic pain.
  • Previous studies on screen time and chronic pain have limitations in scope, causal inference, and exploring biological mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate causal associations between different screen time behaviors and chronic pain phenotypes.
  • To identify shared biological mechanisms underlying these associations using genetic data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genome-wide association study data for two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), reverse MR, and multivariable MR (MVMR).
  • Analyzed associations between television watching, computer use, mobile phone use, and chronic pain phenotypes (multisite chronic pain, back, knee, neck/shoulder, hip pain, headaches).
  • Employed Summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR), transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), and colocalization analysis to find shared genes and biological pathways.

Main Results:

  • Watching television and mobile phone use were positively associated with increased risk for several chronic pain types, including multisite chronic pain (MCP).
  • Computer use showed a negative association with MCP, back, and knee pain.
  • Integrative analyses identified CEP170 as a key gene potentially mediating the link between computer use and MCP.

Conclusions:

  • Screen time is associated with various chronic pain conditions.
  • The CEP170 gene may play a role in the biological mechanisms linking computer use and MCP.
  • The lack of robust MVMR results necessitates caution regarding potential confounding factors.