The role of social determinants of health in mental health: An examination of the moderating effects of race, ethnicity, and gender on depression through the all of us research program dataset
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Social determinants of health significantly impact major depressive disorder (MDD) risk, with women, LGBTQIA2+ individuals, and those facing food insecurity or loneliness showing higher likelihoods. Asian/Asian American individuals had lower MDD risk. Neighborhood social cohesion did not significantly predict MDD.
Area Of Science
- Social Epidemiology
- Psychiatry
- Health Disparities Research
Background
- Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant public health concern influenced by social determinants of health (SDoH).
- Understanding how identity characteristics moderate the relationship between SDoH and MDD is crucial for targeted interventions.
- Existing literature suggests varying impacts of SDoH across different demographic groups.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the moderating role of race/ethnicity and gender/sexual identity on the association between SDoH (food insecurity, discrimination, social cohesion, loneliness) and MDD diagnosis.
- To analyze these moderating effects within a large, diverse US population sample.
- To identify specific SDoH domains and identity groups with differential impacts on MDD risk.
Main Methods
- Analysis of 86,954 participants from the NIH-funded All of Us (AoU) Research Program.
- Utilized survey responses for independent variables (SDoH) and moderators (identity characteristics).
- Employed electronic health record (EHR) diagnostic codes for the outcome variable (MDD).
Main Results
- Women (AOR=1.60) and LGBTQIA2+ individuals (AOR=1.71) had higher odds of MDD diagnosis compared to cisgender heterosexual males.
- Asian/Asian American individuals showed lower odds of MDD diagnosis (AOR=0.41) compared to White individuals.
- Higher food insecurity (AOR=1.30) and loneliness (AOR=6.89) were strongly associated with increased MDD likelihood, while social cohesion (AOR=0.92) and transience (AOR=0.95) were not significant predictors.
Conclusions
- Identity characteristics significantly moderate the impact of SDoH on MDD risk, highlighting complex interactions.
- Findings underscore the need for inclusive research methodologies and sampling strategies to adequately represent marginalized communities.
- Interventions addressing food insecurity and loneliness may be critical for reducing MDD disparities.
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