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The Spinal Cord01:54

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

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Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

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The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

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Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

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The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression
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Correlation Between MRI T2 Hyperintensity, Apoptosis, and Neuroinflammation in Chronic Cervical Spinal Cord

Xingsheng Zhang1,2, Bingxuan Wu1, Tianhua Rong1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070,China.

Spine
|February 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In chronic cervical spinal cord compression, MRI T2 hyperintensity indicates increased apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammation. This suggests signal intensity ratio may be a biomarker for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) pathology.

Keywords:
Degenerative cervical myelopathyMRI signal intensityNLRP3 inflammasomeanimal modelapoptosisneuroinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • T2-weighted MRI hyperintensity is common in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) but its pathological basis is unclear.
  • Apoptosis and neuroinflammation are key in DCM pathogenesis, yet their link to MRI findings needs systematic study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between MRI T2-weighted signal intensity changes and apoptotic/neuroinflammatory mechanisms in a rabbit model of chronic cervical spinal cord compression.

Main Methods:

  • A rabbit model of chronic cervical spinal cord compression was used, with groups for control, mild, and severe compression.
  • Assessments included motor function, somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), and MRI signal intensity ratios (SCR) over 6 months.
  • Spinal cord tissue analysis involved TUNEL assay, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting for apoptosis and inflammation markers.

Main Results:

  • Compression severity correlated with functional deficits and prolonged SEP latency.
  • Elevated SCR and increased TUNEL-positive cells were observed with greater compression.
  • Strong positive correlations were found between SCR and markers of apoptosis (Bax/Bcl-2 ratio) and NLRP3-mediated inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • MRI T2 hyperintensity in chronic cervical spinal cord compression is significantly associated with the severity of neuronal apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammation.
  • Signal intensity ratio (SCR) may serve as a quantitative imaging biomarker for pathological changes in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).