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Related Experiment Video

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Incoherent-Light-Excitable Lanthanide Upconversion Enabled by Highly Hydrophilic and Photostable Dye Sensitization.

Xukai Chen1,2, Longfei Song1,2, Wang Chen3

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|February 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel coating for dye-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles (dsUCNPs) using unsaturated fatty acid salts (UFAS). This coating enhances water dispersibility and photostability, enabling efficient imaging with low-power light sources and reducing phototoxicity.

Keywords:
cell imagingdye‐sensitized upconversionhigh photostability and hydrophilicityincoherent‐light‐excitableunsaturated fatty acid salts coating

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Imaging

Background:

  • Lanthanide upconversion is limited by low extinction coefficients, hindering efficient excitation with low-power light.
  • Dye-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles (dsUCNPs) offer a solution but face challenges with hydrophobicity and photolability.
  • Existing coatings for dsUCNPs often fail to provide adequate water dispersibility and photostability for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for creating highly water-dispersible and photostable dsUCNPs.
  • To improve the performance of dsUCNPs for low-power incoherent light excitation.
  • To enable practical applications of dsUCNPs in areas like cell imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Coating dsUCNPs with unsaturated fatty acid salts (UFAS) to impart amphiphilic and antioxidant properties.
  • Investigating the effect of UFAS unsaturation degree on dsUCNP photostability.
  • Evaluating the performance of UFAS-coated dsUCNPs in cell imaging under low-power LED excitation.

Main Results:

  • UFAS coating significantly enhanced water dispersibility and photostability of dsUCNPs.
  • Photostability increased with UFAS unsaturation, with sodium linolenate (SLn) showing the greatest improvement.
  • SLn-coated dsUCNPs demonstrated a 87-fold increase in photobleaching half-life compared to conventional coatings.
  • Effective cell imaging was achieved using low-power incoherent light (LED), avoiding high-intensity lasers and minimizing phototoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Unsaturated fatty acid salt coating is a simple and effective strategy for producing highly hydrophilic and photostable dsUCNPs.
  • This approach overcomes key limitations of dsUCNPs, enhancing their practical utility.
  • The developed dsUCNPs are suitable for applications requiring low-power incoherent light excitation, such as biomedical imaging, with reduced phototoxicity.