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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management01:29

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Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a multifaceted approach to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, improve overall health status, and slow disease progression. Key strategies include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, supportive therapies, and, in some cases, surgery. Here is an overview of the primary COPD management strategies:
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Nursing Management01:30

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Nursing management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is crucial for providing thorough care and support to patients. Nurses play an integral role in this process through detailed assessment, careful planning, targeted interventions, and ongoing evaluation. Here's an overview of the critical steps in nursing management for COPD.
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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Ten Hot Topics in Cardiovascular Risk Management for Chronic Kidney Disease.

María Marques1,2, Alberto Ortiz2,3, Gregorio Romero-González4

  • 1Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda IDIPHISA, Madrid, Spain.

Cardiorenal Medicine
|February 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks, often overlooked in practice. This review addresses key questions to improve CVD risk assessment and management in CKD patients.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular riskChronic kidney diseaseVascular event

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly elevates cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • Cardiovascular risk in CKD patients is frequently underestimated and undertreated.
  • There is a need for updated, evidence-based guidance on managing CVD risk in CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address ten critical, up-to-date questions regarding cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD.
  • To provide expert nephrologists' evidence-based perspectives on managing CVD risk in CKD.
  • To synthesize current knowledge and propose practical strategies for clinical integration.

Main Methods:

  • A review format summarizing expert opinions on ten key questions.
  • Evidence-based assessment of arterial health and cardiovascular risk stratification.
  • Evaluation of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for CVD risk reduction.
  • Discussion of specific management strategies including blood pressure and dyslipidemia targets.

Main Results:

  • Expert consensus on assessing arterial status and estimating cardiovascular risk in CKD.
  • Identification of key biomarkers for improved cardiovascular risk stratification.
  • Recommendations for pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.
  • Guidance on blood pressure goals, dyslipidemia management, and care during renal replacement therapy.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive approach is needed to address the elevated cardiovascular risk in CKD.
  • Integrating updated knowledge on risk assessment and management is crucial for clinical practice.
  • Proposes a unified strategy for managing cardiovascular risk in the entire CKD population.