[Research advances in clonal hematopoiesis associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]

With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, clonal hematopoiesis has received extensive attention in the research of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and hematological diseases. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective treatment for malignant hematological diseases and has considerably improved the survival rate of patients. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the adverse outcomes, such as graft-versus-host disease, treatment-related myeloid neoplasms, and disease recurrence after transplantation, have not been fully elucidated. Recent studies have shown that mutation genes related to clonal hematopoiesis (such as DNMT3A and PPM1D) may be closely related to the adverse prognosis of HSCT. The present article systematically summarizes the genetic factors, inducements, research progress, and impact on patient prognosis of HSCT-related clonal hematopoiesis, providing a theoretical basis for further exploration of the related mechanisms and optimization of HSCT regimens.