[Effects of segmental spinal manipulation on adolescent scoliosis based on electromyography parameters]

To investigate the effect of segmental spinal manipulation on the Turns and mean amplitude (MA) of electromyography (EMG) signal recruitment in adolescent scoliosis based on EMG parameters.

Between January 2022 and August 2023, 90 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients who met the requirements were randomly divided into 2 groups, 45 patients in each group. The control group included 17 males and 28 females, aged from10 to 18 years old with an average of (14.48±2.11) years old. The course of disease ranged from 6 to 24 months, with an average of (16.11±5.39) months. The treatment method was ordinary massage group. There were 15 males and 30 females in the observation group, aged from11 to 18 years old (14.29±2.12) years old. The course of disease ranged from 8 to 22 months, with an average of (15.33±5.04) months. The treatment method was segmental spinal manipulation group. Which was treated once a week for 12 weeks. The changes of needle electromyogram Turns, MA and Cobb Angle were recorded and compared between the two groups before and at the end of treatment.

(1) On the day after treatment, the paraspinal muscle Turns on the convex side of the thoracic and lumbar segments in both groups significantly increased in the standing position, hyperextension position, flexion position, left lateral flexion, right lateral flexion, left rotation, and right rotation compared with those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05);the paraspinal muscle Turns on the concave side significantly decreased in the standing position, hyperextension position, flexion position, left lateral flexion, right lateral flexion, left rotation, and right rotation compared with those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In the observation group, the Turns in the convex side of the posterior extension position, the convex side of the forward flexion position, the convex side of the left lateral flexion position, the convex side of the right lateral flexion position, and the convex side of the left rotation position were significantly higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). In contrast, the Turns in the concave side of the posterior extension position, the concave side of the forward flexion position, the concave side of the left lateral flexion position, the concave side of the right lateral flexion position, and the concave side of the left rotation position in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). In the Turns of the lumbar, the number of convex sides in the standing position, hyperextension position, and flexion position in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05);the number of paravertebral muscles on the concave side in the hyperextension position in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). (2) On the day of treatment, the MA of the paraspinal muscles in the standing position, posterior extension position, forward flexion position, left flexion, right flexion, left rotation, right rotation concave and convex sides of the patients in the thoracic and lumbar segments in both groups was significantly increased compared with that before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the MA indicators of the thoracic segment, the paravertebral muscles of the concave side in the standing position and the forward flexion position in the observation group were significantly increased compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). In the lumbar MA index, the concave paravertebral muscles of the observation group in the standing position were significantly increased compared with those of the control group (P<0.05). (3)On the day after treatment, the Cobb angle of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).

Segmental spinal manipulation can effectively adjust the Turns index of EMG signals in some positions, which is beneficial to adjust the muscle fiber types on both sides of the concavity and convex paraspinal muscles to a certain extent. However, it does not reflect the advantage of improving the strength of paraspinal muscles, but it can effectively reduce the Cobb angle through three-dimensional spinal adjustment.