Long non-coding RNAs as key regulators in sepsis: from immune response to organ dysfunction

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genomics
• Immunology

Background:

• Sepsis is a major cause of death, with current treatments lacking efficacy.
• Existing diagnostic biomarkers and therapies for sepsis are insufficient.
• Novel molecular targets are urgently needed for sepsis management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in sepsis pathophysiology.
• To explore the potential of lncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic targets in sepsis.
• To discuss challenges in translating lncRNA research into clinical applications for sepsis.

Main Methods:

• Literature review synthesizing current evidence on lncRNAs in sepsis.
• Analysis of lncRNA involvement in immune modulation, organ dysfunction, and metabolic changes.
• Evaluation of specific lncRNAs (NEAT1, MALAT1, GAS5) in sepsis.

Main Results:

• lncRNAs regulate immune responses, inflammation, apoptosis, and metabolic reprogramming in sepsis.
• lncRNAs contribute to organ-specific injury through complex molecular interactions.
• Certain lncRNAs show potential as biomarkers for sepsis onset, progression, and prognosis.

Conclusions:

• lncRNAs are critical regulators of sepsis and hold promise for diagnostics and therapeutics.
• Overcoming translational barriers like instability and poor permeability is crucial for clinical use.
• Further research into lncRNAs may lead to improved sepsis diagnosis and treatment strategies.