Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Correlative Microscopy for 3D Structural Analysis of Dynamic Interactions
Published on: June 24, 2013
A correlational analysis of reported injury incidence between barefoot and shod runners
1Department of Life Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA - chad.woodard@rutgers.edu.
Background:
Running has increased in popularity as a form of exercise, and with it, the incidence of running-related injuries. Barefoot running has gained attention as a strategy to potentially reduce injury risk, though empirical evidence supporting this remains limited. The purpose of this study was to compare injury incidence between barefoot and shod runners based on self-reported history.
Methods:
A total of 545 participants completed a survey assessing their running patterns and injury history. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to examine associations between footwear type and injury incidence.
Results:
Statistical analyses were performed showing strong association between the barefoot group and reduced reports of injury. A post-hoc matched-pair analysis of 21 barefoot runners and 21 shod runners (matched by age, gender, and BMI) indicated a significantly lower reported injury rate among barefoot runners (P=0.011).
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that barefoot running was associated with a lower risk of injury in a matched subgroup, although further research is needed to confirm these results.
Related Concept Videos
Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
Correlations
Prevalence and Incidence
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Correlation and Causation
Correlation versus Causation
If the dependent variable increases or decreases when the independent variable increases, there is a positive or negative...
Correlation
Two variables, for example, a and b, are said to be positively correlated if both variables move in the same direction. In other words, a positive correlation exists between two variables, a and b, if:
Data Reporting and Recording

