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Taichi Murai1,2, Shuichi Yanagi1, Yutaro Hori1

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We discovered a yeast mutant with unstable ribosomal RNA gene clusters (rDNA) and chromosome IV. This instability, driven by Ty elements, impacts SIR4 gene dosage and links rDNA stability to other genomic regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Yeast Genetics

Background:

  • The ribosomal RNA gene cluster (rDNA) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a fragile genomic region.
  • Recombination within the rDNA array can lead to copy number changes, impacting cellular function.
  • The relationship between rDNA stability and the stability of other genomic loci is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms underlying genomic instability in yeast.
  • To explore the connection between ribosomal RNA gene cluster (rDNA) stability and the stability of other genomic regions.
  • To identify genetic factors that influence both rDNA and chromosome stability.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of a yeast mutant exhibiting instability in both rDNA and chromosome IV.
  • Analysis of Ty element-mediated recombination events.
  • Quantification of SIR4 gene dosage in the identified mutant.

Main Results:

  • A novel yeast mutant, sic1, displayed instability in both rDNA and chromosome IV (chr.IV).
  • Ty element-mediated ectopic recombination was identified as the cause of chr.IV partial duplication and elongation.
  • Increased SIR4 gene dosage, resulting from chr.IV duplication, was found to induce rDNA instability.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic instability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can affect multiple genomic regions simultaneously.
  • Ty element activity plays a significant role in mediating large-scale genomic rearrangements.
  • A link exists between the stability of the ribosomal RNA gene cluster (rDNA) and other chromosomal regions, mediated by gene dosage effects.